Dragon fruit is one of the large and fast-growing agricultural sub-sectors in Vietnam. With rapid expansion in production by the late 1990s, Vietnam soon became the world-leader in dragon fruit production and exports. Dragon fruit has always been the largest product category among Vietnam's fruit and vegetable (F&V) exports with export turnover of US$1.1 billion, accounting for 30% of total agro-commodity export sales in 2018. Both export volume and sales have steadily grown and export turnover has rocketed 20-fold in the last eight years. The development of dragon fruit value chain played a crucial role in remarkable growth of the dragon fruit agricultural sub-sector in Vietnam over the past 30 years. Along the export-oriented dragon fruit, the Vietnamese chain actors, enablers and supporters are mainly located in the upstream and (early) midstream parts of the value chain. Their participation downstream, specifically wholesaling and retailing systems in foreign markets, is modest due to limited investment capacity and business relationships. The export-oriented dragon fruit value chain of Vietnam consists of seven major chain actors (input suppliers, smallholder farmers, cooperatives, exporters’ farms, collectors, fresh fruit exporters and processing exporters). The role of chain enablers at the central level is to set production, trade and quality management policies, while their respective offices and provincial subsidiaries implement the policies. The chain supporters include business associations, providers of support services such as packaging, transportation and logistics. However, the local dragon fruit value chain is dominated by small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Most exporters are of modest size in terms of labor, investments and sales. Well-known large companies in fruit processing and exporting have yet to establish sizable dragon fruit businesses. The relationship between those stakeholders is mainly on the marketing aspect.