Being a non-traditional fruit crop of Vietnam, dragon fruit was not grown for commercial purposes in the country until the late 1980s. With rapid expansion in production, by the late 1990s more than 5,220ha was committed to dragon fruit and Vietnam was the only ASEAN member state that farmed it on a commercial scale. This growth particularly accelerated in the last decade with crop areas and production having more than tripled (13,400 ha in 2000 to 54,000 ha in 2019) and (282,000 tons to 1,016,773 tons of product). Vietnam became the world-leader in production and export. Dragon fruit has always been the largest product category among Vietnam’s fruit and vegetable (F&V) exports. Export turnover in 2018 reached US$1.1 billion, representing a dramatic annual growth rate of 104 percent since 2010. Both export volume and sales have steadily grown and export turnover has rocketed 20-fold in the last eight years. The opportunities of Vietnam dragon fruits include the early paid attention to the breeding and technical research leading to high quality variety and productivity as well as competitive price easily accepted by the market. However, Vietnam still faces challenges in dragon fruit exportation. Firstly, Vietnam’s dragon fruit business is under pressure to improve quality when stricter quality requirements, technical regulations and inspections are rising in most key international markets, including China. The second is recent fast-expanding area of growing dragon fruit in China, India and other countries in Central and South America and Asia. Other challenges may come from limitation of existing quality infrastructure (testing, certification services) and farming practices management.