The Plant Quarantine Division, Bureau of Animal and Plant Health Inspection and Quarantine (BAPHIQ), Taiwan is in charge of the plant import and export quarantine and inspection affairs. For plants and plant products to be exported to other countries, BAPHIQ conducts the inspection or quarantine treatments according to the requirements of importing countries. For example, the exporting dragon fruits (Hylocereus undatus) to Japan, vapor heat treatment is requested. On the other hand, according to Taiwan’s regulations, if plants or plant products have no import records, the Pest Risk Assessment (PRA) is requested. The import requirements are decided based on the results of the PRA. Taiwan imports dragon fruits from Vietnam and Malaysia. All dragon fruits imported from Vietnam shall be treated with vapor heat treatment according to requirements that both sides agreed.